Frequency and Distribution of Dental Anomalies in Children: A Clinical Cross-Sectional Study

Kiran Imtiaz Khan

doi:10.65293/jbkcd.v2i01.29

Authors

Kiran Imtiaz Khan Assistant Professor and Head of Department, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65293/jbkcd.v2i01.29

Keywords:

Dental Anomalies, Oral Hygiene, Dietary Habits, Children, Fluoride, Malocclusion, Enamel Hypoplasia, Preventive Dentistry

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oral hygiene, dietary habits, and the prevalence of dental anomalies among children.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan; from June 2023 to December 2023.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 400 children aged 3 to 12 years. Information regarding oral hygiene routines, food habits, and dental abnormalities was gathered through systematic evaluations. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify significant correlations.

Results: Dental abnormalities were found in 250 (62.5%) of the subjects. Children with dental issues exhibited poorer oral hygiene habits, including irregular brushing (56.0% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.001), lack of fluoride toothpaste (36.0% vs. 60.0%, p < 0.001), and fewer dental visits (16.0% vs. 53.3%, p < 0.001). They also had worse dietary habits, such as higher sugar intake (72.0% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.001) and frequent consumption of carbonated drinks (52.0% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.001). Conversely, these children consumed less milk (36.0% vs. 60.0%, p < 0.001) and fewer fruits and vegetables (20.0% vs. 60.0%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Inadequate oral hygiene and detrimental food practices are strongly correlated with dental abnormalities in children. Preventive measures, including as consistent brushing, fluoride application, regular dental check-ups, and improved dietary selections, should be prioritized to mitigate the risk of dental abnormalities.

Author Biography

Kiran Imtiaz Khan, Assistant Professor and Head of Department, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.

Corresponding Author: kiran.i.k@hotmail.com

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